C# :: Aufgabe #216
2 Lösungen
Brüche und überladene Operatoren
Anfänger - C#
von Exception
- 09.06.2018 um 09:07 Uhr
- Erstelle eine Klasse "Bruch"
- In dieser Klasse gibt es zwei Attribute: Zähler, Nenner (jeweils Integer)
- In dieser Klasse gibt es zudem noch überladene Opteratoren (+, -, *, /)
Diese Operatoren haben jeweils zwei Parameter, die übergeben werden müssen -> zwei Objekte der Klasse Bruch.
Die Operatoren geben einen neuen Bruch zurück.
In der Hauptmethode (oder sonst wo) soll dann folgendes möglich sein:
C#-Code
- Die Klasse Bruch braucht für das Teilen von Brüchen evtl. noch ein bisschen mehr... #Methoden ;)
- Das Anlegen / Erzeugen von Brüchen soll mit Textboxen realisiert werden, sodass das ganze Programm grafisch etwas her macht.
- Die Rechenopertation (+,-,*,/) soll mit einer Dropdown Liste o.ä. ausgewählt werden.
- Mit einem Button soll die Berechnung starten und das Ergebnis anschließend in zwei weitere Textboxen (read only) geschrieben werden.
- Damit die Brüche nicht zu groß werden (50/100 o.ä.) soll bevor das Ergebnis in die Textbox geschrieben wird geschaut werden, ob sich der neue Bruch kürzen lässt.
- In dieser Klasse gibt es zwei Attribute: Zähler, Nenner (jeweils Integer)
- In dieser Klasse gibt es zudem noch überladene Opteratoren (+, -, *, /)
Diese Operatoren haben jeweils zwei Parameter, die übergeben werden müssen -> zwei Objekte der Klasse Bruch.
Die Operatoren geben einen neuen Bruch zurück.
In der Hauptmethode (oder sonst wo) soll dann folgendes möglich sein:
C#-CodeBruch b1 = new Bruch(1, 2); Bruch b2 = new Bruch(3, 4); Bruch b3 = b1 + b2; // auch -, *, /
- Die Klasse Bruch braucht für das Teilen von Brüchen evtl. noch ein bisschen mehr... #Methoden ;)
- Das Anlegen / Erzeugen von Brüchen soll mit Textboxen realisiert werden, sodass das ganze Programm grafisch etwas her macht.
- Die Rechenopertation (+,-,*,/) soll mit einer Dropdown Liste o.ä. ausgewählt werden.
- Mit einem Button soll die Berechnung starten und das Ergebnis anschließend in zwei weitere Textboxen (read only) geschrieben werden.
- Damit die Brüche nicht zu groß werden (50/100 o.ä.) soll bevor das Ergebnis in die Textbox geschrieben wird geschaut werden, ob sich der neue Bruch kürzen lässt.
Lösungen:
BruchC Klasse
C#-Code
MainWindow.xaml
MainWindow.xaml.cs
C#-Code
C#-Codeusing System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace Bruch
{
public class BruchC
{
public double zaehler { get; set; }
public double nenner { get; set; }
public BruchC(double zaehler, double nenner)
{
this.zaehler = zaehler;
this.nenner = nenner;
}
public static BruchC operator +(BruchC b1, BruchC b2)
{
bruchKuerzen(ref b1, ref b2);
if (b1.nenner == b2.nenner)
{
return new BruchC(b1.zaehler + b2.zaehler, b1.nenner);
}
else
{
return new BruchC(b1.zaehler * b2.nenner + b2.zaehler * b1.nenner, b1.nenner * b2.nenner);
}
}
public static BruchC operator -(BruchC b1, BruchC b2)
{
bruchKuerzen(ref b1, ref b2);
if (b1.nenner == b2.nenner)
{
return new BruchC(b1.zaehler - b2.zaehler, b1.nenner);
}
else
{
return new BruchC(b1.zaehler * b2.nenner - b2.zaehler * b1.nenner, b1.nenner * b2.nenner);
}
}
public static BruchC operator *(BruchC b1, BruchC b2)
{
bruchKuerzen(ref b1, ref b2);
return new BruchC(b1.zaehler * b2.zaehler, b1.nenner * b2.nenner);
}
public static BruchC operator /(BruchC b1, BruchC b2)
{
BruchC newB2 = new BruchC(b2.nenner, b2.zaehler);
BruchC newB = b1* newB2;
bruchKuerzen(ref newB2, ref newB);
return newB;
}
private static void bruchKuerzen(ref BruchC b1, ref BruchC b2)
{
if (b1 != null)
for (double i = b1.nenner; i >= 0; i--)
{
if (b1.nenner % i == 0 && b1.zaehler % i == 0)
{
b1.nenner /= i;
b1.zaehler /= i;
break;
}
}
if (b2 != null)
for (double i = b2.nenner; i >= 0; i--)
{
if (b2.nenner % i == 0 && b2.zaehler % i == 0)
{
b2.nenner /= i;
b2.zaehler /= i;
break;
}
}
}
}
}
MainWindow.xaml
<Window x:Class="Bruch.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:Bruch"
mc:Ignorable="d"
Title="Bruch Rechner" Height="180.932" Width="249.153" WindowStyle="ToolWindow" ResizeMode="NoResize">
<Grid>
<TextBox x:Name="z1" PreviewTextInput="NumberValidationTextBox" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="27" Margin="21,19,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="27" TextAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBox x:Name="n1" PreviewTextInput="NumberValidationTextBox" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="27" Margin="21,51,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="27" TextAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBox x:Name="z2" PreviewTextInput="NumberValidationTextBox" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="27" Margin="97,19,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="27" TextAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBox x:Name="n2" PreviewTextInput="NumberValidationTextBox" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="27" Margin="97,51,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="27" TextAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBox x:Name="z3" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="27" Margin="166,19,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="27" IsReadOnly="True" TextAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBox x:Name="n3" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="27" Margin="166,51,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="27" IsReadOnly="True" TextAlignment="Center"/>
<Label Content="=
" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="142,33,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Height="31" Width="19"/>
<Button Content="Rechne" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="21,97,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="Button_Click"/>
<ComboBox x:Name="opr" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="54,37,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="38" Height="27" SelectedIndex="0"/>
</Grid>
</Window>
MainWindow.xaml.cs
C#-Codeusing System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
namespace Bruch
{
/// <summary>
/// Interaktionslogik für MainWindow.xaml
/// </summary>
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
opr.Items.Add("+");
opr.Items.Add("-");
opr.Items.Add("*");
opr.Items.Add("/");
}
private void NumberValidationTextBox(object sender, TextCompositionEventArgs e)
{
var textBox = sender as TextBox;
e.Handled = Regex.IsMatch(e.Text, "[^0-9]+");
}
private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
BruchC b1 = new BruchC(Convert.ToDouble(z1.Text), Convert.ToDouble(n1.Text));
BruchC b2 = new BruchC(Convert.ToDouble(z2.Text), Convert.ToDouble(n2.Text));
BruchC b3 = null;
switch (opr.SelectedItem)
{
case "+":
b3 = b1 + b2;
break;
case "-":
b3 = b1 - b2;
break;
case "*":
b3 = b1 * b2;
break;
case "/":
b3 = b1 / b2;
break;
}
z3.Text = Convert.ToString(b3.zaehler);
n3.Text = Convert.ToString(b3.nenner);
}
}
}
MainWindow.xaml.cs
C#-Code
MainWindow.xaml
XML-Code
Fraction.cs
C#-Code
C#-Codeusing System.Windows;
namespace WpfBruchrechner
{
/// <summary>
/// Interaktionslogik für MainWindow.xaml
/// </summary>
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void buttonCalc_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
int le, ld, re, rd;
if (int.TryParse(textBoxEnumeratorLeft.Text, out le) && int.TryParse(textBoxDenominatorLeft.Text, out ld) && int.TryParse(textBoxEnumeratorRight.Text, out re) && int.TryParse(textBoxDenominatorRight.Text, out rd) && ld != 0 && rd != 0)
{
Fraction left = new Fraction(le, ld);
Fraction right = new Fraction(re, rd);
Fraction result;
string action = comboBoxAction.SelectedItem.ToString();
switch (action)
{
case "+":
result = left + right;
break;
case "-":
result = left - right;
break;
case "*":
result = left * right;
break;
case "/":
if (re == 0)
{
MessageBox.Show("Eingaben ungültig!", "", MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Warning);
return;
}
result = left / right;
break;
default:
result = new Fraction(0, 0);
break;
}
textBoxEnumeratorResult.Text = result.Enumerator.ToString();
textBoxDenominatorResult.Text = result.Denominator.ToString();
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("Eingaben ungültig!", "", MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Warning);
}
}
}
}
MainWindow.xaml
XML-Code<Window
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfBruchrechner"
xmlns:System="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib" x:Class="WpfBruchrechner.MainWindow"
mc:Ignorable="d"
Title="Bruchrechner" SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight" ResizeMode="CanMinimize">
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Grid Grid.Row="0">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Grid Grid.Column="0" Margin="10">
<TextBox x:Name="textBoxEnumeratorLeft" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="23" Margin="54,10,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="50" TextAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBlock x:Name="textBlock" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,13,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="Zähler" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
<TextBox x:Name="textBoxDenominatorLeft" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="23" Margin="54,38,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="50" TextAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBlock x:Name="textBlock1" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,41,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="Nenner" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
</Grid>
<ComboBox x:Name="comboBoxAction" Grid.Column="1" Width="50" Height="23" SelectedIndex="0">
<System:String>+</System:String>
<System:String>-</System:String>
<System:String>*</System:String>
<System:String>/</System:String>
</ComboBox>
<Grid Grid.Column="2" Margin="10">
<TextBox x:Name="textBoxEnumeratorRight" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="23" Margin="54,10,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="50" TextAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBlock x:Name="textBlock2" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,13,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="Zähler" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
<TextBox x:Name="textBoxDenominatorRight" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="23" Margin="54,38,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="50" TextAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBlock x:Name="textBlock3" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,41,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="Nenner" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
</Grid>
</Grid>
<Grid Grid.Row="1">
<Button x:Name="buttonCalc" Margin="10" Content="=" Click="buttonCalc_Click"/>
</Grid>
<Grid Grid.Row="2">
<Grid HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="10">
<TextBox x:Name="textBoxEnumeratorResult" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="23" Margin="54,10,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="50" TextAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBlock x:Name="textBlock4" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,13,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="Zähler" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
<TextBox x:Name="textBoxDenominatorResult" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="23" Margin="54,38,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="50" TextAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBlock x:Name="textBlock5" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,41,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="Nenner" VerticalAlignment="Top"/>
</Grid>
</Grid>
</Grid>
</Window>
Fraction.cs
C#-Codeusing System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
namespace WpfBruchrechner
{
public class Fraction
{
private int enumerator;
public int Enumerator { get { return enumerator; } set { enumerator = value; } }//Zähler
private int denominator;
public int Denominator { get { return denominator; } set { denominator = value; } }//Nenner
public Fraction(int enumerator, int denominator)
{
this.enumerator = enumerator;
this.denominator = denominator;
}
public override string ToString()
{
return $"{Enumerator}/{Denominator}";
}
public void Short()
{
ShortFraction(ref enumerator, ref denominator);
}
public void Expand(int v)
{
if (v != 0)
{
enumerator *= v;
denominator *= v;
}
}
public Fraction Inverse()
{
return new Fraction(denominator, enumerator);
}
//Operatoren
public static Fraction operator +(Fraction left, Fraction right)
{
int kgv = GetLowestCommenMultiple(left.Denominator, right.Denominator);
Fraction l = left;
Fraction r = right;
l.Expand(kgv / l.Denominator);
r.Expand(kgv / r.Denominator);
Fraction ret = l;
ret.Enumerator += r.Enumerator;
ret.Short();
return ret;
}
public static Fraction operator -(Fraction left, Fraction right)
{
int kgv = GetLowestCommenMultiple(left.Denominator, right.Denominator);
Fraction l = new Fraction(left.Enumerator, left.Denominator);
Fraction r = new Fraction(right.Enumerator, right.Denominator);
l.Expand(kgv / l.Denominator);
r.Expand(kgv / r.Denominator);
Fraction ret = l;
ret.Enumerator -= r.Enumerator;
ret.Short();
return ret;
}
public static Fraction operator *(Fraction left, Fraction right)
{
Fraction ret = new Fraction(left.Enumerator * right.Enumerator, left.Denominator * right.Denominator);
ret.Short();
return ret;
}
public static Fraction operator /(Fraction left, Fraction right)
{
Fraction ret = new Fraction(left.Enumerator * right.Denominator, left.Denominator * right.Enumerator);
ret.Short();
return ret;
}
//KGV
private static Dictionary<int, int> PrimeFactorization(int a)
{
Dictionary<int, int> primes = new Dictionary<int, int>();
for (int b = 2; a > 1; b++)
{
if (a % b == 0)
{
int x = 0;
while (a % b == 0)
{
a /= b;
x++;
}
primes.Add(b, x);
}
}
return primes;
}
private static int GetLowestCommenMultiple(params int[] source)
{
var distinct = source.Distinct();
var divs = from i in distinct select PrimeFactorization(i);
Dictionary<int, int> result = new Dictionary<int, int>();
foreach (var dic in divs)
{
foreach (var item in dic)
{
if (result.ContainsKey(item.Key))
{
if (result[item.Key] < item.Value)
{
result[item.Key] = item.Value;
}
}
else
{
result.Add(item.Key, item.Value);
}
}
}
int mul = 1;
foreach (var item in result)
{
mul *= (int)Math.Pow(item.Key, item.Value);
}
return mul;
}
//Kettenbruch
private static void ShortFraction(ref int enumerator, ref int denominator)
{
int[] fraction = GetContinuedFraction(enumerator, denominator);
TransformContinuedFraction(fraction, out enumerator, out denominator);
}
private static void TransformContinuedFraction(int[] fraction, out int enumerator, out int denominator)
{
if (fraction.Length == 1)
{
enumerator = fraction[0];
denominator = 1;
}
else if (fraction.Length >= 2)
{
int zl = 1;
int nl = fraction[fraction.Length - 1];
int zt = zl;
int nt = nl;
for (int i = fraction.Length - 2; i >= 1; i--)
{
zt += (nt * fraction[i]);
int t1 = zt;
int t2 = nt;
zt = t2;
nt = t1;
}
enumerator = zt + (fraction[0] * nt);
denominator = nt;
}
else
{
throw new ArgumentException();
}
}
private static int[] GetContinuedFraction(int z, int n)
{
int zt = z;
int nt = n;
int za = (z % n);
int a = (z - (za)) / n;
if (za == 0)
{ return new int[1] { a }; }
int b = n / za;
List<int> result = new List<int>() { a, b };
int c = n % za;
while (c != 0)
{
int t = za % c;
result.Add(za / c);
za = c;
c = t;
}
return result.ToArray();
}
}
}